Sociotechnical risk assessment for water distribution system contamination threats

A dynamic simulation-optimization model for adaptive management of urban water distribution system contamination threats

Urban water distribution systems hold a critical and strategic position in preserving public health and industrial growth. Despite the ubiquity of these urban systems, aging infrastructure, and increased risk of terrorism, decision support models for a timely and adaptive contamination emergency response still remain at an undeveloped stage. Emergency response is characterized as a progressive,...

An Agent-based Modeling Framework for Sociotechnical Simulation of Water Distribution Contamination Events

In the event that a bacteriological or chemical toxin is introduced to a water distribution network, a large population of consumers may become exposed to the contaminant. A contamination event may be poorly predictable dynamic process due to the interactions of consumers and utility managers during an event. Consumers that become aware of a threat may select protective actions that change thei...

Development of GIS based contamination risk assessment in water distribution systems

The study aims at developing a GIS based contamination Risk Assessment procedure in water distribution systems. Water distribution network analysis model EPANET 2.0 was integrated with ArcGIS 8.3 for the water quality analysis retrieving data from the GIS database. Water supply system of Zone VIII of Guntur, India was selected for the case study. The results of water quality simulation were dis...

Microbiological contamination of a hemodialysis center water distribution system.

The microbiological monitoring of the water used for hemodialysis is extremely important, especially because of the debilitated immune system of patients suffering from chronic renal insufficiency. To investigate the occurrence and species diversity of bacteria in waters, water samples were collected monthly from a hemodialysis center in upstate São Paulo and tap water samples at the terminal s...

Risk Assessment Methodologies for Soil Threats